Charge-forming device for internal-combustion engines



A. SCHMID.

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

RA 0 T 1 Wm ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I ALBERT serum), or NEW YORK, N. Y.

CHARGE-FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

To all'whomitmag concern: 1

Be it known that I, ALBERT SOHMID, a citizen of the United States, and a temporary resident of the Hotel Biltmore, New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have made a new and useful Invention in Charge-Forming Devices for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to charge forming devices for internal combustion engines and more particularly to devices for forming Finding that it is impracticable to heat the main carbureter, either by electricity or other means, sufficiently totake care of the carbureter during the warming up periods an object of this invention is to provide a supplemental or auxiliary charge forming device by means of which (during the warming up. periods and until the engine is sufficiently warm to be operated upon the main carbureter) readily combustible charges may be supplied.

A further object is to provide an efiicient electrically heated device of this character which may be utilized in conjunction with any of the'well known types of carbureters and which with a relatively small consumption of electric energy will effectively heatr the fuel content of the starting charges so that when the charges reach the engine cylinders they will be readily inflammable and will burn with a minimum amount of objectionable deposit or smoke. Y

These, as well as other objects wh ch Wlll readily appear to those skilled in this art, I attain by means of the device lllustrated 1n the drawings accompanying and formlng a part of this application. y

In the drawings, Figure 1s a sectional elevation of a charge formmg device embodying this invention, Fig. 2 1s a cross sec- 7 Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb, 22, 1921,

Application'filed January 10, 1918. Serial No. 211,271.

- also to which an auxiliary or starting carbureter embodying this invention is shown applied.

The device consists essentially of an electrically heated tortuous passage through which the fuel content of the combustible charges (or the fuel content and a small amount of air) is caused to pass at high velocity, a fuel nozzle, an auxiliary air nozzle, and means for controlling these nozzles.

The form of device shown in the drawings consists of a spirally wound resistance ribbon 4 contained within a chamber formed of a cup shaped member ,5 preferably made of insulating material such as soap stone and a cover plate 6 of the same material. The heater made up of the ribbon and the housing members 5 and 6 lies within an annular chamber formed in a castin 7- and a cover plate 8 is threaded into the ousing 4 at 9 retaining the heater elements in proper position.

The resistance ribbon and cupped member 5 are secured in housing 7 by means of screws 10 which pass through insulating bushings 11 and into the side of the housing 7. A binding post 12 which connects with the resistance ribbon through connection 13 and said screws is connected up to a suitable source of electrical supply such as a storage battery 14 by means 0 circuits 15 controlled by switch 16. Liquid fuel for making up the fuel content of the combustible charges is supplied to the spiral passage formed by the resistance ribbon by means of a nozzle 17 rendered adjustable by means of a needle valve 18. Liquid fuel for the charges is supplied from a float controlled chamber 19 or may be derived directly from any suitable source of supply. A plunger 20 slidably mounted within a cylinder 21 axially alined with nozzle 17 carries a valve 22 for controlling the registers with an inlet opening formed in one wall of the cupped member 5. If found desirable a restricted air inlet 26 may be provided in the wall of chamber 21 adjacent the outlet of nozzle 17 for supplying a small amount of air with the fuel traversing the passage through the heater.

The passage of fuel or fuel and air into the heater is controlled by plunger 20, which, when nozzle 17 is closed cuts off communication between the nozzle chamber and the interior of the heater. An auxiliary air nozzle or inlet 27 is provided for mixing proper amounts of air with the heated fuel to form I combustible charges. The auxiliary inlet is controlled by means of a plunger valve 28 provided with openings 29 for registering with openings 27. The combustible charges passing through the heater emerge therefrom through an outlet opening 30 formed in a hollow central boss carried by wall 31 of the casting 7. This boss also serves as a support for the inner end of the resistance ribbon.

The airadmitted through inlets 27 mingles with the vaporized fuel stream at point 32 and passes to the inlet manifold 33 of the engine through an opening in said manifold which registers with the outlet 34:.

' Since it is desirable to simultaneously control nozzle 17 and supplemental air inlets 27 1 provide a double armed rock lever 35 pivotally mounted on an arm 36 extending from the main casing of the device, and arm 37 which operatively connects with stem 24 of plunger 20 is adapted to open nozzle 17 as arm 38 moves downward to open auxiliary air inlets 27 By this means the nozzle and supplemental air inlets are opened simultaneousl and in the same proportions.

As t e charges necessary for startlng up an internal combustion engine are relatively small this device may be relatively small, and, by making the cross section of the several convolutions of the heater passage small the velocity of the stream passing therethrough is relatively high. This high velocity causes the fuel in passing through the heater to be projected by centrifugal force and impinged against the heated coils where by it is thoroughly broken up into a mist and efliciently heated to a relatively high temperature. v

By restricting the amount of air passing through the heater with the fuel to the smallest possible amount the amount of current necessary to ralse the fuel to the proper temperature is materially decreased. The more air that is admitted with the fuel the greater will be the amount ofcurrent necessary to raise the fuel to a given temperature. The heated fuel stream issues from outlet 30 in the form of a highly heated fuel mist, and,

by means of the air admitted through auxiliary air inlets 27 is swept on to the engine inlet manifold and from there to the engine cylinders which it reaches in a highly inflammable state.

In operating the device it will be under stood that the throttle valve 40 of the main carbureter 41 will be closed so that all of the combustible charge used is formed by the auxiliary or supplemental charge forming device. As soon as the engine to which the device is attached is sufficiently warm to care for the charges formed by carbureter 41 the device may be cut out of operation by closing the fuel nozzle 17 and auxiliary air inlet ports 27.

It will be understood that the device illustrated is more or less diagrammatic and that in actual practice the principles thereof may be embodied in various forms.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is- 1. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, a spiral passage of relatively small cross section and relatively great length, means for electrically heating said passa e, means for admitting a mixture of liqui fuel and air to said passage, means for mixing air with the mixture issuing from said passage, and means for controlling the fuel admitted to said passage and the air mixed with the 'mixture issuing from said passage. 7

2. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, a passage formed from a spirall positioned ribbon of resistancemetal an insulating side plates, means for admitting a mixture of liquid fuel and air to said passage, means for mixing air with the mixture stream issuing from said passage, and means for controlling the fuel admitted to said passage and the air mixed with the mixture issuing from said passage.-

ALBERT SCHMID. 'Witnesses:

H. B. WOODWARD, J. H. JONES. 

